Rights & Privacy Index
What actually happens to your manuscript, your rights and your data when you use a publishing service. What licence you grant, whether it can be revoked, who else can exercise it, what the terms say about training AI on your work — and, just as often, what they carefully do not say.
Read from the services’ own agreements, not their marketing. How this is assessed.
14 of 19 database services have been assessed. A service appears here only once its terms have actually been read — an unassessed service is absent rather than shown as a page of blanks.
14 of 14 assessed services
- Generally protective
Distributor / Aggregator · Formatting
Draft2Digital
A distribution licence you can revoke, with immediate withdrawal and an obligation to remove listings. The reservation is a systems-improvement clause that does not clearly include or exclude AI training.
- Content licence
- Narrow — scoped to running the service
- AI training
- Terms are silent or ambiguous
- Deletion
- Available
- Policy reviewed
- 4 September 2026
- Generally protective
Publishing Platform · Distributor / Aggregator · Audiobook Platform
Kobo Writing Life
The contract explicitly excludes generative-AI training and requires no exclusivity. The trade-offs are a sublicensable licence across partners you cannot individually opt out of, and a broad Rakuten privacy policy.
- Content licence
- Sublicensable to third parties
- AI training
- Explicitly excluded
- Deletion
- Available
- Policy reviewed
- 4 September 2026
- Generally protective
Distributor / Aggregator · Print-on-Demand · Audiobook Platform
PublishDrive
Among the most protective records: the author keeps copyright, the licence is non-exclusive and not perpetual, and the terms state outright that PublishDrive does not use your content for AI training. On paid plans it takes 0% commission, so you keep the full store royalty. The catch is commercial — it needs an active monthly subscription.
- Content licence
- Narrow — scoped to running the service
- AI training
- Explicitly excluded
- Deletion
- Available
- Policy reviewed
- 25 September 2026
- Generally protective
Audiobook Platform · Distributor / Aggregator
Voices by INaudio
A non-exclusive, distribution-only licence with author-set pricing, per-partner opt-out and at-will removal — plus an explicit clause barring INaudio or its partners from making a machine-generated voice or new work from your audio without permission. Reservations: mandatory arbitration and, as an aggregator, no guaranteed retailer rate before the 80% split.
- Content licence
- Narrow — scoped to running the service
- AI training
- Only with opt-in
- Deletion
- Available
- Policy reviewed
- 25 September 2026
- Mixed
Audiobook Platform · Distributor / Aggregator
ACX (Audiobook Creation Exchange)
A broad, sublicensable licence for a seven-year auto-renewing term, and exclusive distribution locks the audio to Audible — but it is genuinely exitable: switch to non-exclusive or request termination ninety days after the first sale, and the rights revert. Amazon keeps 50–70% of revenue and the membership royalty math is opaque.
- Content licence
- Sublicensable to third parties
- AI training
- Terms are silent or ambiguous
- Deletion
- Available
- Policy reviewed
- 25 September 2026
- Mixed
Publishing Platform · Print-on-Demand
Amazon KDP
You keep copyright, but the distribution licence is irrevocable and sublicensable. AI training is not addressed. Amazon may retain copies after withdrawal, and termination can delay or forfeit royalties.
- Content licence
- Sublicensable to third parties
- AI training
- Terms are silent or ambiguous
- Deletion
- Not available
- Policy reviewed
- 26 October 2026
- Mixed
Publishing Platform · Distributor / Aggregator
Apple Books
Apple acts as your sales agent, with limited rights to modify the work. The commercial restrictions matter: parity obligations can constrain pricing, release timing and what you offer elsewhere. The agreement is not publicly available before signup.
- Content licence
- Narrow — scoped to running the service
- AI training
- Terms are silent or ambiguous
- Deletion
- Not assessed
- Policy reviewed
- 4 September 2026
- Mixed
Publishing Platform · Print-on-Demand
Barnes & Noble Press
Non-exclusive, and you keep the copyright, but print runs under separate terms with a perpetual, sub-licensable licence. Lending, in-store reading and retained copies all happen without an opt-out. The 2021 contracts are silent on AI.
- Content licence
- Perpetual
- AI training
- Terms are silent or ambiguous
- Deletion
- Available
- Policy reviewed
- 26 October 2026
- Mixed
Audiobook Platform
Draft2Digital Digital Narration
A free Apple-only audiobook that you do not own, with a six-month lock. You can still make your own recording. The terms also allow royalties to be withheld for an alleged or suspected breach.
- Content licence
- Sublicensable to third parties
- AI training
- Terms are silent or ambiguous
- Deletion
- Available
- Policy reviewed
- 4 September 2026
- Mixed
Publishing Platform · Distributor / Aggregator
Google Play Books
You keep ownership and can withdraw a title immediately. Google sets the customer price, the standard revenue split differs from the headline help-page offer, and the content licence extends broadly across Google services.
- Content licence
- Sublicensable to third parties
- AI training
- Terms are silent or ambiguous
- Deletion
- Available
- Policy reviewed
- 4 September 2026
- Mixed
Print-on-Demand · Distributor / Aggregator
IngramSpark
You keep your work, but grant broad, sublicensable rights and perpetual metadata rights. Ebook distribution restrictions, payment conditions and a low liability cap also matter. Key contractual documents are difficult to access publicly.
- Content licence
- Sublicensable to third parties
- AI training
- Terms are silent or ambiguous
- Deletion
- Available
- Policy reviewed
- 4 September 2026
- Mixed
Print-on-Demand · Distributor / Aggregator · Direct Sales
Lulu
Non-exclusive, with a licence tied to operating the site and not stated to be perpetual. Lulu discloses AI-assisted content review but says nothing on training. Sold ebook versions are retained after retirement, and liability is capped at $100.
- Content licence
- Sublicensable to third parties
- AI training
- Terms are silent or ambiguous
- Deletion
- Available
- Policy reviewed
- 26 October 2026
- Mixed
Audiobook Platform · Publishing Platform
Spotify for Authors
A direct, non-exclusive upload to Spotify: 50% of the retail price you set a la carte, plus a Premium pool set by Spotify, removable on request. No machine-generated voice or new work from your content without permission. Reservations: the opaque Premium pool, and a licence that lists "training" and "modeling" without defining them.
- Content licence
- Broad
- AI training
- Terms are silent or ambiguous
- Deletion
- Available
- Policy reviewed
- 12 October 2026
- Concerning
Audiobook Platform
Google Auto-Narrated Audiobooks
Withdrawing the audiobook permanently prevents selling it elsewhere. That restriction and the broad content grant survive termination. The edition is free during Beta, but it is not a portable commercial asset.
- Content licence
- Perpetual
- AI training
- Permitted by the terms
- Deletion
- Available
- Policy reviewed
- 4 September 2026
What the postures mean
- Strong
- The terms actively protect the author: narrow, revocable licences and explicit limits on reuse.
- Generally protective
- The terms are scoped to what the service needs to operate, with clear routes to withdraw.
- Mixed
- Some terms protect the author and others do not, or an important question is left unanswered.
- Concerning
- The terms grant more than the service needs, or make withdrawal difficult.
- Unclear
- The documentation does not establish the position well enough to characterise it.
These are editorial judgements, not scores. There is deliberately no number attached to them — a 0–100 rating would imply a precision the underlying evidence does not support. Read the methodology.
